American Electric Power (AEP) is a public utility holding company based in New York, predominantly engaged in the generation, transmission and distribution of electricity. It operates through several subsidiaries which provide electric service in multiple states across the United States, including Arkansas, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Michigan, Ohio, Oklahoma, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia. The company's business model involves forming contractual and financial relationships among its subsidiaries to optimize operational efficiency while meeting regulatory requirements in the different jurisdictions they serve. AEP's utility subsidiaries manage integrated operations, combining power generation, transmission, and retail delivery of electricity, often under regulatory oversight that establishes cost-based rates for service delivery.
AEP's operations are structured around multiple business segments, including Vertically Integrated Utilities, Transmission and Distribution Utilities, and Generation & Marketing. The company also focuses on environmental and sustainability initiatives, gradually transitioning towards renewable energy sources while managing its coal and natural gas assets. The recent trend towards reducing reliance on fossil fuels is complemented by investments in renewable energy and energy efficiency programs. As the electricity sector evolves, AEP aims to remain competitive by diversifying its energy portfolio and enhancing customer-focused services.